Psychedelic
Art
The Psychedelic Era (1964-1975),
associated with the use of psychedelic drugs such as
LSD, mescaline and psilocybin,
produced psychedelic art which may be enjoyed by both
those who have, and who have not, had a personal psychedelic experience.
Art Nouveau had a profound influence because of its delight in natural
forms, flowing long hair, and stylization.
Psychedelic art gained widespread popularity as the visual component
of
psychedelic music by such musicians as Jimi Hendrix, the Grateful
Dead, and Pink Floyd
through concert posters and album covers by designers including
Wes Wilson, Victor Moscoso, Rick Griffin, Stanley Mouse, and Martin
Sharp.
Other popular forms included posters, advertising, and comic book
art by artists such as Robert Williams.
Drug-induced psychedelic experience is not a prerequisite for being
adept at psychedelic art.
M.C. Escher, Mati Klarwein and Salvador Dalí produced art that
can be considered psychedelic, without the use of psychedelics.
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A psychedelic experience is characterized by the perception
of aspects of one's mind previously unknown,
or by the creative exuberance of the mind liberated from its ostensibly
ordinary fetters.
Psychedelic states are an array of experiences elicited by sensory
deprivation as well as by psychedelic substances.
Such experiences include hallucinations, changes of perception, synesthesia,
altered states of awareness, mystical states, and occasionally states
resembling psychosis.
The term was first coined as a noun in 1957 by psychiatrist Humphry
Osmond
as an alternative descriptor for hallucinogenic drugs in the context
of psychedelic psychotherapy.
The term featured prominently in a now-famous
exchange with Aldous Huxley,
in which the little-used term phanerothyme (derived from roots relating
to "spirit" or "soul") was suggested:
To make this trivial world sublime,
take half a gram of phanerothyme.
Osmond responded:
To fathom Hell or soar angelic,
just take a pinch of psychedelic.
Timothy Leary, who was largely responsible for the popularization
of the term "psychedelic",
was a well-known proponent of their use, as was Aldous Huxley.
Both, however, advanced widely different opinions on the broad use
of psychedelics by state and civil society.
Leary promulgated the idea of such substances
as a panacea,
while Huxley suggested that only the cultural and intellectual elite
should partake of entheogens systematically.
The use of psychedelic drugs became widespread in the modern West
in the mid-1960s.
One of the first uses of the word in the music scene of this time
(who also helped popularize the term)
was in 13th Floor Elevators1966 album The Psychedelic Sounds of the
13th Floor Elevators.
The
fashion for psychedelic drugs gave its name to the visual style of
psychedelia,
a term describing a category of rock music known as psychedelic rock,
visual art, fashion,
and culture that is associated originally with the high 1960s,
hippies, and the Haight-Ashbury neighborhood of San Francisco, California.
Psychedelia generally began in 1966, but truly took off in 1967 with
the Summer of Love.
Although associated with San Francisco, the style soon spread across
the U.S.A., and worldwide.
The counterculture of the 1960s had a strong influence on the popular
culture of the early 1970s,
and is well recognized even by those who are naïve to its psychedelic
origins.
It later became linked to a style of electronic dance music commonly
known as psytrance.
Modern usage
The impact of psychedelic drugs on western culture in the 1960s
led to semantic drift in the use of the word "psychedelic",
and it is now frequently applied to describe any brightly patterned
or colored object.
In objection to this new meaning,
and to the pejorative meanings of other synonyms such as "hallucinogen"
and "psychotomimetic",
the term "entheogen" was proposed and is seeing increasing
use.
However, many consider the term "entheogen" best reserved
for religious and spiritual usage,
such as certain Native American churches do with the peyote sacrament,
and "psychedelic" left to describe those who are using these
drugs for recreation.
At the same time as psychedelic drugs were being used by the counterculture
of the 1960s,
they were also being used in experiments by governments,
who saw them and sensory deprivation as useful agents for mind control;
see MKULTRA for the CIA involvement in the use of psychedelic drugs.
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from : Wikipedia
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